Shared set · @recuseemail · Electrical Engineering
Introduction and Overview; Circuit Terminology and Concepts
Define basic circuit quantities (voltage, current, resistance) and describe the scope of electrical engineering analysis.
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1 of 15
What is the fundamental SI unit of electric charge, and what is its symbol?
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Coulomb (C); symbol Q
Charge is the most fundamental electrical quantity, and one coulomb corresponds to the charge of about 6.24×10¹⁸ electrons. All other electrical quantities (current, voltage) are ultimately defined in terms of charge and energy.
2 of 15
Define electric current in terms of charge, and give its SI unit.
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Current is the rate of flow of charge: i = dq/dt, measured in amperes (A)
One ampere equals one coulomb of charge passing a given point per second. This is why current is often described as a 'flow rate' in the water analogy — it tells you how much charge moves per unit time.
3 of 15
A wire carries a constant current of 3 A. How much charge passes through it in 10 seconds?
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30 coulombs
Since the current is constant, q = i × t = (3 A)(10 s) = 30 C. This uses the direct relationship between current and charge for steady (DC) currents.
4 of 15
Define voltage in terms of energy and charge, and give its SI unit.
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Voltage is energy per unit charge: v = dw/dq, measured in volts (V)
One volt equals one joule of energy per coulomb of charge moved. Voltage represents the 'push' or potential energy difference that drives charge through a circuit, analogous to pressure driving water flow.
5 of 15
State Ohm's Law and identify what each symbol represents.
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v = iR, where v is voltage (V), i is current (A), and R is resistance (Ω)
Ohm's Law describes the linear relationship between voltage and current for a resistor: for a fixed resistance, doubling the voltage doubles the current. It only applies exactly to ideal linear resistive elements.
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Also in this set
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- What is electric power, and what SI unit is it measured in?
- Under the passive sign convention, if current enters the positive terminal of an element and p = vi comes out positive, what does that mean?
- A 9 V battery delivers a current of 2 A to a circuit for 5 seconds. How much energy is delivered?
- What distinguishes an independent source from a dependent source in a circuit?
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